Combined plumb and level



Dec. 7,1926. 1,609,893

M. STURM, JR- v COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL Filed July 6. 1925 Patented Dec. 7, 1926.

sum'reo sTAT ES .MAX :STURM, 33., OF .KEYPORT, NEW" JERSEY.

COMBINED PLUMB AND 'LEVEIJ.

Application filed July 6,

This invention relates to tools used by carpenters, builders and others, and has for its object the provision of a novel combined plumb and level embodying a movable pendulumcooperating with a fixed indicator in stead of employing the usual spirit level found in most instruments or tools of this yp An important object of the invention is to provide a structure which may, be easily mounted within an elongated body or bar and which includes a pivotally mounted pendulum so arranged that it will be confined between guide elements and consequently prevent it from distortion under unusual conditions.

An additional object is the provision of a device of this character which will be simple and inexpensive in manufacture,-easy to use, "efiicient and accurate in service and a general improvement in the art.

" With the above and other objects and advantages in view; the invention consists in the details of construction to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the device,

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view therethrough,

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the parts disconnected, portions thereof being broken away and in sections, and

Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of the pendulum alone.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 10 designates the body which may and ordinarily is formed as an elongated bar of wood, metal or any other desired substance. Furthermore, the size and shape of this member are immaterial as both may be varied to meet different conditions and different types of work. At some point in its length the body 10 is formed with a cylindrical hole 11 within which is mounted the indicator device forming the subject matter of the present invention.

This indicator device is here shown as comprising a cylindrical shell 12 of such size as to fit snugly within the opening 11. At one end this shell is formed with an outstanding flange 13 which is disposed against one face of the bar or body lO so'a-s to prevent the shell from slipping in one direction through the hole 11. Displacement of the shell in the other direction is prevented by "1925. 'Serial 'NO. 41,777

means ofa suitable metallic ring 14 which is engaged upon the opposite end of the shell, which opposite end projects slightly beyond theiother face of the body 10. The stmcture thus far described is held in place .as rlior instance by means of a plurality of rivets 15 orthe like passing transversely through the body '10 and also through the flange '13 and ring 14. Furthermore, if preferred, theshell member 12 may have-its edge slightly :upsct formed with a lug or ear 1'8 wliich projects inwardly with respect to the shell. This ear 18 is reduced in thickness as compared with the rib or web 17 and is furthenmore pro vided with a hole 1 9 for :a purpose ltO be de-- scribed.

The indicating means comprises a pendulum '20 of any desired size :or shape but here disclosed as of substantially arrow like forma't-ion. This pendulum has onesend bifurcated to provide spaced ears 21 which receive the single lug or ear 18. The ears 21 are formed with registering holes 22 through which passes a pivot pin 23 also passing through the hole 19 in the lug or ear 18 so that the pendulum will be properly pivotally mounted and capable of swinging freely within the confines of the shell. At its lower end the pendulum may be provided with a suitable mark indicated at 24.

In order to prevent improper movement of the pendulum, that is to say movement transversely with respect to the movement it should have, I provide pair of guards or strips 25 and 26 which are located at and secured to opposite sides of the web 17 as for instance by means of rivets or screws indicated at 27. At its central point each strip 26 may be formed with an upstanding projection 28 of a: V-shape cooperating with the mark 2 1 on the pendulum.

In the use of the device, it is obvious that when the body 10 is disposed against a surface whose plumb or level is to be tested, the pendulum 20 will always swing so as to be in a vertical position regardless of the surface upon which the device is placed. Any deviation of the mark 24 from the projections 28 will indicate either that the surface is not plumb or level so that the operator of the instrument will be apprised of the wrong conditions and may make the necessary adjustments.

From the foregoing description and a study of the drawings it will be apparent that I have thus provided a very simply constructed and inexpensive device for the purpose specified which will accurately determinelthe level or plumb with ease. The

device possesses distinctive advantages over the use of the ordinary spirit level inasmuch as there is nothing fragile, the pendulum and other parts beingcomparatively rugged and durable.

While K have shown and descrioed the preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be understood that I reserve the right to make all such changes 1n the form,

' oonstruction and arrangement of parts as will not depart from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described the invention, I claim: 7 r

1. A combined plumb and level comprising an elongated supporting member formed with a cylindrical hole, a shell member fitting within said hole and having an outstanding flange bearing against one face of the supporting member, the other edge of the shell projecting beyond the opposite face of the supporting member, a retaining ring engaged upon said projecting edge, a plurahty of securmgelements passing trans versely through the body and throughthe saidfiange and ring, said shell member being formed with an annular rib upon its inner periphery and formed with an ear inwardly of the rib, and a pendulum pivotally mounted upon said ear, andpairs of spaced guide strips detachably secured to the web and located at opposite sides of the pendulum for preventing lateral displacement of the latter.

2. A combined plumb and level comprising an elongated supporting member formed with a cylindrical hole, a shell member fitting within said hole and having an outand located at opposite sides ofthe pendulum for preventing lateral displacement of the latter, said pendulum being provided at opposite sides with indicating marks, and the lowermost pair of strips being provided centrally with. projections cooperating with said marks to define a gage.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature.

MAX STURM, JR. 

